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FTO

Gene
FTO
Protein
Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO
Organism
Canis lupus familiaris
Length
506 amino acids
Function
RNA demethylase that mediates oxidative demethylation of different RNA species, such as mRNAs, tRNAs and snRNAs, and acts as a regulator of fat mass, adipogenesis and energy homeostasis. Specifically demethylates N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA, the most prevalent internal modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) in higher eukaryotes. M6A demethylation by FTO affects mRNA expression and stability. Also able to demethylate m6A in U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA). Mediates demethylation of N(6),2'-O-dimethyladenosine cap (m6A(m)), by demethylating the N(6)-methyladenosine at the second transcribed position of mRNAs and U6 snRNA. Demethylation of m6A(m) in the 5'-cap by FTO affects mRNA stability by promoting susceptibility to decapping. Also acts as a tRNA demethylase by removing N(1)-methyladenine from various tRNAs. Has no activity towards 1-methylguanine. Has no detectable activity towards double-stranded DNA. Also able to repair alkylated DNA and RNA by oxidative demethylation: demethylates single-stranded RNA containing 3-methyluracil, single-stranded DNA containing 3-methylthymine and has low demethylase activity towards single-stranded DNA containing 1-methyladenine or 3-methylcytosine. Ability to repair alkylated DNA and RNA is however unsure in vivo. Involved in the regulation of fat mass, adipogenesis and body weight, thereby contributing to the regulation of body size and body fat accumulation. Involved in the regulation of thermogenesis and the control of adipocyte differentiation into brown or white fat cells. Regulates activity of the dopaminergic midbrain circuitry via its ability to demethylate m6A in mRNAs. Plays an oncogenic role in a number of acute myeloid leukemias by enhancing leukemic oncogene-mediated cell transformation: acts by mediating m6A demethylation of target transcripts such as MYC, CEBPA, ASB2 and RARA, leading to promote their expression.
Similarity
Belongs to the fto family.
Mass
58.501 kDa
Sequence
MKRTPTAEEREREAKKLRLLEELEDTWLPYLTPKDDEFYQQWQLKYPKLILREAGSVPEDLHKEVQEAFLTLHKHGCFFRDLVRIQGKDLLTPVSRILIGNPGCTYKYLNTRLFTVPWPVKGASTKYDEAGIAAACQTFLKLNDYLQIETIQALEELACKEKSNIDAVPVCIGPDFPRVGMGSFDGQDELDIKNRAAYNVTLLNFMDPQKMPYLKEEPYFGMGKMAVSWHHDENLVERSAVAVYSYSCEGPEEESEDDPQLEGRDPDTWHVGFKISWDIETPGLAIPLHQGDCYFMLDDLNATHQHCVLAGLPPRFSSTHRVAECSTGTLDYILQRCQLALQNVRDEADNGDVSLKSFEPVVLKQGEEIHNEVEFEWLRQYWFQGNRYRKCTDWWCQPMTQLEGLWKKMEGVTNAVLHEVRREGVPVEQRNEILTAILALLTTRQNLRREWHARCQSRIARTLPVDQKPECRPYWEKDDPSMPLPFDLTDIVSELRGEFGTLPWSA

Gene
FTO
Protein
Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO
Organism
Homo sapiens
Length
505 amino acids
Function
RNA demethylase that mediates oxidative demethylation of different RNA species, such as mRNAs, tRNAs and snRNAs, and acts as a regulator of fat mass, adipogenesis and energy homeostasis (PubMed:22002720, PubMed:26458103, PubMed:28002401, PubMed:30197295, PubMed:26457839, PubMed:25452335). Specifically demethylates N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA, the most prevalent internal modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) in higher eukaryotes (PubMed:22002720, PubMed:26458103, PubMed:30197295, PubMed:26457839, PubMed:25452335). M6A demethylation by FTO affects mRNA expression and stability (PubMed:30197295). Also able to demethylate m6A in U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) (PubMed:30197295). Mediates demethylation of N(6),2'-O-dimethyladenosine cap (m6A(m)), by demethylating the N(6)-methyladenosine at the second transcribed position of mRNAs and U6 snRNA (PubMed:28002401, PubMed:30197295). Demethylation of m6A(m) in the 5'-cap by FTO affects mRNA stability by promoting susceptibility to decapping (PubMed:28002401). Also acts as a tRNA demethylase by removing N(1)-methyladenine from various tRNAs (PubMed:30197295). Has no activity towards 1-methylguanine (PubMed:20376003). Has no detectable activity towards double-stranded DNA (PubMed:20376003). Also able to repair alkylated DNA and RNA by oxidative demethylation: demethylates single-stranded RNA containing 3-methyluracil, single-stranded DNA containing 3-methylthymine and has low demethylase activity towards single-stranded DNA containing 1-methyladenine or 3-methylcytosine (PubMed:18775698, PubMed:20376003). Ability to repair alkylated DNA and RNA is however unsure in vivo (PubMed:18775698, PubMed:20376003). Involved in the regulation of fat mass, adipogenesis and body weight, thereby contributing to the regulation of body size and body fat accumulation (PubMed:18775698, PubMed:20376003). Involved in the regulation of thermogenesis and the control of adipocyte differentiation into brown or white fat cells (PubMed:26287746). Regulates activity of the dopaminergic midbrain circuitry via its ability to demethylate m6A in mRNAs (By similarity). Plays an oncogenic role in a number of acute myeloid leukemias by enhancing leukemic oncogene-mediated cell transformation: acts by mediating m6A demethylation of target transcripts such as MYC, CEBPA, ASB2 and RARA, leading to promote their expression (PubMed:28017614, PubMed:29249359).
Similarity
Belongs to the fto family.
Mass
58.282 kDa
Sequence
MKRTPTAEEREREAKKLRLLEELEDTWLPYLTPKDDEFYQQWQLKYPKLILREASSVSEELHKEVQEAFLTLHKHGCLFRDLVRIQGKDLLTPVSRILIGNPGCTYKYLNTRLFTVPWPVKGSNIKHTEAEIAAACETFLKLNDYLQIETIQALEELAAKEKANEDAVPLCMSADFPRVGMGSSYNGQDEVDIKSRAAYNVTLLNFMDPQKMPYLKEEPYFGMGKMAVSWHHDENLVDRSAVAVYSYSCEGPEEESEDDSHLEGRDPDIWHVGFKISWDIETPGLAIPLHQGDCYFMLDDLNATHQHCVLAGSQPRFSSTHRVAECSTGTLDYILQRCQLALQNVCDDVDNDDVSLKSFEPAVLKQGEEIHNEVEFEWLRQFWFQGNRYRKCTDWWCQPMAQLEALWKKMEGVTNAVLHEVKREGLPVEQRNEILTAILASLTARQNLRREWHARCQSRIARTLPADQKPECRPYWEKDDASMPLPFDLTDIVSELRGQLLEAKP

Gene
FTO
Protein
Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO
Organism
Pongo abelii
Length
505 amino acids
Function
RNA demethylase that mediates oxidative demethylation of different RNA species, such as mRNAs, tRNAs and snRNAs, and acts as a regulator of fat mass, adipogenesis and energy homeostasis. Specifically demethylates N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA, the most prevalent internal modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) in higher eukaryotes. M6A demethylation by FTO affects mRNA expression and stability. Also able to demethylate m6A in U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA). Mediates demethylation of N(6),2'-O-dimethyladenosine cap (m6A(m)), by demethylating the N(6)-methyladenosine at the second transcribed position of mRNAs and U6 snRNA. Demethylation of m6A(m) in the 5'-cap by FTO affects mRNA stability by promoting susceptibility to decapping. Also acts as a tRNA demethylase by removing N(1)-methyladenine from various tRNAs. Has no activity towards 1-methylguanine. Has no detectable activity towards double-stranded DNA. Also able to repair alkylated DNA and RNA by oxidative demethylation: demethylates single-stranded RNA containing 3-methyluracil, single-stranded DNA containing 3-methylthymine and has low demethylase activity towards single-stranded DNA containing 1-methyladenine or 3-methylcytosine. Ability to repair alkylated DNA and RNA is however unsure in vivo. Involved in the regulation of fat mass, adipogenesis and body weight, thereby contributing to the regulation of body size and body fat accumulation. Involved in the regulation of thermogenesis and the control of adipocyte differentiation into brown or white fat cells (By similarity). Regulates activity of the dopaminergic midbrain circuitry via its ability to demethylate m6A in mRNAs (By similarity).
Similarity
Belongs to the fto family.
Mass
58.423 kDa
Sequence
MKRTPTAEEREREAKKLRLLEELEDTWLPYLTPKDDEFYQQWQLKYPKLILREASSVSEELHKEVQEAFLTMHKHGCLFRDLVRIQGKDLLTPVSRILIGNPGCTYKYLNTRLFTVPWPVKGSNIKHTEAEIAAACETFLKLNDYLQIETIQALEELAAKEKANEDTVPLCMSADFPRVGMGSSYNGQDEVDIKSRAAYNVTLLNFMDPQKMPYLKEEPYFGMGKMAVSWHHDENLVDRSAVAVYSYSCEGPEEESEDDSHLEGRDPDIWHVGFKISWDIETPGLAIPLHQGDCYFMLDDLNATHQHCVLAGSQPRFSSTHRVAECSTGTLDYILQRCQLAPQNVRDDVENDDVSLKSFEPAVLKQGEEIHNEVEFEWLRQFWFQGNRYRKCTDWWCQPMAQLEALWKKMEAVTNAVLHEVKREGLPVEQRNEILTAILASLTARQNLRREWHARCQSRIARTLPADQKPECRPYWEKDDVSMPLPFDLTDIVSELRGQLLEAKP

Gene
Fto
Protein
Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO
Organism
Mus musculus
Length
502 amino acids
Function
RNA demethylase that mediates oxidative demethylation of different RNA species, such as mRNAs, tRNAs and snRNAs, and acts as a regulator of fat mass, adipogenesis and energy homeostasis (PubMed:17991826, PubMed:18775698, PubMed:28002401). Specifically demethylates N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA, the most prevalent internal modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) in higher eukaryotes (PubMed:28002401). M6A demethylation by FTO affects mRNA expression and stability (By similarity). Also able to demethylate m6A in U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) (By similarity). Mediates demethylation of N(6),2'-O-dimethyladenosine cap (m6A(m)), by demethylating the N(6)-methyladenosine at the second transcribed position of mRNAs and U6 snRNA (PubMed:28002401). Demethylation of m6A(m) in the 5'-cap by FTO affects mRNA stability by promoting susceptibility to decapping (By similarity). Also acts as a tRNA demethylase by removing N(1)-methyladenine from various tRNAs (By similarity). Has no activity towards 1-methylguanine (By similarity). Has no detectable activity towards double-stranded DNA (By similarity). Also able to repair alkylated DNA and RNA by oxidative demethylation: demethylates single-stranded RNA containing 3-methyluracil, single-stranded DNA containing 3-methylthymine and has low demethylase activity towards single-stranded DNA containing 1-methyladenine or 3-methylcytosine (PubMed:17991826, PubMed:18775698). Ability to repair alkylated DNA and RNA is however unsure in vivo (PubMed:17991826, PubMed:18775698). Involved in the regulation of fat mass, adipogenesis and body weight, thereby contributing to the regulation of body size and body fat accumulation (PubMed:19234441, PubMed:19680540, PubMed:21076408, PubMed:23817550, PubMed:23300482). Involved in the regulation of thermogenesis and the control of adipocyte differentiation into brown or white fat cells (PubMed:19234441, PubMed:19680540). Regulates activity of the dopaminergic midbrain circuitry via its ability to demethylate m6A in mRNAs (PubMed:23817550).
Similarity
Belongs to the fto family.
Mass
58.007 kDa
Sequence
MKRVQTAEEREREAKKLRLLEELEDTWLPYLTPKDDEFYQQWQLKYPKLVFREAGSIPEELHKEVPEAFLTLHKHGCLFRDVVRIQGKDVLTPVSRILIGDPGCTYKYLNTRLFTVPWPVKGCTVKYTEAEIAAACQTFLKLNDYLQVETIQALEELAVREKANEDAVPLCMAEFPRAGVGPSCDDEVDLKSRAAYNVTLLNFMDPQKMPYLKEEPYFGMGKMAVSWHHDENLVDRSAVAVYSYSCEGSEDESEDESSFEGRDPDTWHVGFKISWDIETPGLTIPLHQGDCYFMLDDLNATHQHCVLAGSQPRFSSTHRVAECSTGTLDYILERCQLALQNVLNDSDDGDVSLKSFDPAVLKQGEEIHNEVEFEWLRQFWFQGNRYKLCTDWWCEPMTHLEGLWKKMESMTNAVLREVKREGLPVEQRSEILSAILVPLTVRQNLRKEWHARCQSRVVRTLPVQQKPDCRPYWEKDDPSMPLPFDLTDVVSELRGQLLEARS

Gene
Fto
Protein
Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO
Organism
Rattus norvegicus
Length
502 amino acids
Function
RNA demethylase that mediates oxidative demethylation of different RNA species, such as mRNAs, tRNAs and snRNAs, and acts as a regulator of fat mass, adipogenesis and energy homeostasis. Specifically demethylates N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA, the most prevalent internal modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) in higher eukaryotes. M6A demethylation by FTO affects mRNA expression and stability. Also able to demethylate m6A in U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA). Mediates demethylation of N(6),2'-O-dimethyladenosine cap (m6A(m)), by demethylating the N(6)-methyladenosine at the second transcribed position of mRNAs and U6 snRNA. Demethylation of m6A(m) in the 5'-cap by FTO affects mRNA stability by promoting susceptibility to decapping. Also acts as a tRNA demethylase by removing N(1)-methyladenine from various tRNAs. Has no activity towards 1-methylguanine. Has no detectable activity towards double-stranded DNA. Also able to repair alkylated DNA and RNA by oxidative demethylation: demethylates single-stranded RNA containing 3-methyluracil, single-stranded DNA containing 3-methylthymine and has low demethylase activity towards single-stranded DNA containing 1-methyladenine or 3-methylcytosine. Ability to repair alkylated DNA and RNA is however unsure in vivo. Involved in the regulation of fat mass, adipogenesis and body weight, thereby contributing to the regulation of body size and body fat accumulation. Involved in the regulation of thermogenesis and the control of adipocyte differentiation into brown or white fat cells (By similarity). Regulates activity of the dopaminergic midbrain circuitry via its ability to demethylate m6A in mRNAs (By similarity).
Similarity
Belongs to the fto family.
Mass
57.972 kDa
Sequence
MKRVQTAEEREREAKKLRLLEELEDTWLPYLTPKDDEFYQQWQLKYPKLVFREAGSIPEELHKEVPEAFLTLHKHGCLFRDLVRIQGKDVLTPVSRILIGDPGCTYKYLNTRLFTVPWPVKGCTINYTEAEIAAACQTFLKLNDYLQVETIQALEELAIKEKANEDAVPLCMAEFPRAGVGPSCDDEVDLKSRAAYNVTLLNFMDPQKMPYLKEEPYFGMGKMAVSWHHDENLVDRSAVAVYSYSCEGSEDESDDESSFEGRDPDTWHVGFKISWDIETPGLTIPLHQGDCYFMLDDLNATHQHCVLAGSQPRFSSTHRVAECSTGTLDYILQRCQLALQNVLNDSDNGDVSLKSFEPAVLKQGEEIHNEVEFEWLRQFWFQGNRYKICTDWWCEPMTQLEGLWKKMESVTNAVLREVKREGLSVEQRSEILSAVLIPLTMRQNLRKEWHARCQARVVRTLPAQQKPDCRPYWEKDDPSMPLPFDLTDVVSEIRSQLLEARS

Gene
fto
Protein
Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO
Organism
Xenopus laevis
Length
501 amino acids
Function
RNA demethylase that mediates oxidative demethylation of different RNA species, such as mRNAs, tRNAs and snRNAs, and acts as a regulator of fat mass, adipogenesis and energy homeostasis. Specifically demethylates N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA, the most prevalent internal modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) in higher eukaryotes. M6A demethylation by FTO affects mRNA expression and stability. Also able to demethylate m6A in U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA). Mediates demethylation of N(6),2'-O-dimethyladenosine cap (m6A(m)), by demethylating the N(6)-methyladenosine at the second transcribed position of mRNAs and U6 snRNA. Demethylation of m6A(m) in the 5'-cap by FTO affects mRNA stability by promoting susceptibility to decapping. Also acts as a tRNA demethylase by removing N(1)-methyladenine from various tRNAs.
Similarity
Belongs to the fto family.
Mass
58.527 kDa
Sequence
MKKRGVLCEEEKEVKKRKLLEQIGDGHLPYLSSKDDTFYDLWGSCYSKLTLLQAKHVPVDLHHTVQNAFLSLLRNGCLFQDLVRLKGKDIITPVSRILIGRPGYTYKYLNTRLFAVPWINDELNTQYSTRNLLETYKAFSDLNDFLYSQTVNELQKLGKIHKDNFFQHSEYKEQIKSDQRPSTSNYENVKLHSMESFNVTLINYMDPQNMSFLKEEPYFGMGKMAVSWHHDENLVEQSTVAVYNYSYQESSNDVNGEDEDPTRWHVGLKIAWDIETPGLLMPLSSGDCYLMLDDLNKTHQHCVIAGCQPRFSSTHRVAESSTGTLQYIKSQCNSALQNLHMNPDTGAADLKNLEPNVLGQTEEIHNEVEFEWLRQFWFQGKRYNKCTTFWKEAMTELEIHWKQMETMTSLVLKAIENENLTVDEKCNILKNILPPLVERQDLRHDWRERCRSKLAKMLPPDQVPCFYPYWNDDNKTMPLPFDLHNIISALQKTLEENELKL