Member of the two-component regulatory system PhoP/PhoQ which regulates the expression of genes involved in virulence, adaptation to acidic and low Mg(2+) environments and resistance to host defense antimicrobial peptides. Essential for intramacrophage survival of S.typhimurium. In low periplasmic Mg(2+), PhoQ phosphorylates PhoP, resulting in the expression of PhoP-activated genes (PAG) and repression of PhoP-repressed genes (PRG). In high periplasmic Mg(2+), PhoQ dephosphorylates phospho-PhoP, resulting in the repression of PAG and may lead to expression of some PRG. Essential for transcription of spiC inside macrophages by controlling the expression of the two-component regulatory system SsrB/SpiR (SsrA) and Pir at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels respectively. Promotes expression of the two-component regulatory system PmrA/PmrB via activation of pmrD gene. Is required to attenuate bacterial growth within fibroblast cells and to enhance bacterial resistance to bile in intestinal cells. Negatively regulates prgH, which is required for invasion of epithelial cells. PhoP uses multiple mechanisms to promote transcription and activates promoters for PAG at low (uM range) Mg(2+) concentrations. Involved in acid tolerance (Probable).

224 amino acids

MMRVLVVEDNALLRHHLKVQLQDSGHQVDAAEDAREADYYLNEHLPDIAIVDLGLPDEDGLSLIRRWRSSDVSLPVLVLTAREGWQDKVEVLSSGADDYVTKPFHIEEVMARMQALMRRNSGLASQVINIPPFQVDLSRRELSVNEEVIKLTAFEYTIMETLIRNNGKVVSKDSLMLQLYPDAELRESHTIDVLMGRLRKKIQAQYPHDVITTVRGQGYLFELR

25.6 kDa

(Note: Representative image - actual molecular weight may vary depending on tag type and expression method)

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