Function
Glutamine synthetase (GS) is an unusual multitasking protein that functions as an enzyme, a transcription coregulator, and a chaperone in ammonium assimilation and in the regulation of genes involved in nitrogen metabolism (PubMed:25691471). It catalyzes the ATP-dependent biosynthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia (PubMed:24158439). Feedback-inhibited GlnA interacts with and regulates the activity of the transcriptional regulator TnrA (PubMed:11719184, PubMed:12139611). During nitrogen limitation, TnrA is in its DNA-binding active state and turns on the transcription of genes required for nitrogen assimilation (PubMed:11719184, PubMed:12139611, PubMed:25691471). Under conditions of nitrogen excess, feedback-inhibited GlnA forms a stable complex with TnrA, which inhibits its DNA-binding activity (PubMed:11719184, PubMed:12139611, PubMed:25691471). In contrast, feedback-inhibited GlnA acts as a chaperone to stabilize the DNA-binding activity of GlnR, which represses the transcription of nitrogen assimilation genes (PubMed:25691471).
Sequence
MAKYTREDIEKLVKEENVKYIRLQFTDILGTIKNVEIPVSQLGKALDNKVMFDGSSIEGFVRIEESDMYLYPDLNTFVIFPWTAEKGKVARFICDIYNPDGTPFEGDPRNNLKRILKEMEDLGFSDFNLGPEPEFFLFKLDEKGEPTLELNDKGGYFDLAPTDLGENCRRDIVLELEEMGFEIEASHHEVAPGQHEIDFKYAGAVRSCDDIQTFKLVVKTIARKHGLHATFMPKPLFGVNGSGMHCNLSLFKNGVNAFFDENADLQLSETAKHFIAGIVKHATSFTAVTNPTVNSYKRLVPGYEAPCYVAWSAQNRSPLIRIPASRGISTRVEVRSVDPAANPYLALSVLLAAGLDGIKNKLEAPAPIDRNIYVMSKEERMENGIVDLPATLAEALEEFKSNEVMVKALGEHLFEHFIEAKEIEWDMFRTQVHPWEREQYMSQY