Function
Forkhead-type transcription factor (PubMed:9360933). Binds to the promoters of genes that contain the daf-16 binding element (DBE), TTGTTTAC, in their regulatory region (PubMed:10880363, PubMed:23770237). Functions in the Insulin/IGF-1-like signaling (IIS) mediated pathway which affects lipogenesis, lifespan, starvation survival, heat shock and oxidative stress responses, and dauer formation (PubMed:9360933, PubMed:8247153, PubMed:11747821, PubMed:11747825, PubMed:11381260, PubMed:14622602, PubMed:12750521, PubMed:17900900, PubMed:18358814, PubMed:18762027, PubMed:18832074, PubMed:19103192, PubMed:21531333, PubMed:22081913). Longevity signaling predominantly arises from expression in the intestine (PubMed:14622602). Daf-16 transcriptional activity is negatively regulated by cytoplasmic sequestration by association with ftt-2 (PubMed:11381260, PubMed:21531333). Inhibition is required for the carbon dioxide (CO2) avoidance response (PubMed:18524954). Upon loss of inhibition, daf-16 translocates to the nucleus to regulate genes that result in delayed reproduction and growth while increasing stress resistance starvation tolerance and longevity (PubMed:11747825, PubMed:21531333). Association with arginine methyltransferase prmt-1 prevents phosphorylation and allows for translocation to the nucleus and the subsequent transcription of longevity-related genes (PubMed:21531333). Modulation of its activity by cGMP levels in sensory neurons regulates lifespan (PubMed:19489741). Has a protective role against muscle dystrophy (PubMed:18397876). Involved in mediating protection against aberrant protein aggregation proteotoxicity (PubMed:16902091). Influences transcription of genes that code for proteins involved in immunity as part of a general stress response (PubMed:17096597, PubMed:18245330). Targets genes that inhibit and stimulate tumor growth (PubMed:17934462). Targets kinases, phosphatases and transcription factors that are primarily involved in signaling and gene regulation (PubMed:24516399). Thought to regulate ins-7 in FOXO-to-FOXO signaling, which coordinates daf-16 expression (PubMed:18025456). Activity is positively regulated by shc-1-mediated inhibition of daf-2 and activation of JNK pathway (PubMed:18832074). Functions by indirect interaction with jnk-1 of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway (PubMed:17894411). Involved in increased proteasome activity by activating expression of rpn-6.1 in response to proteotoxic stress, leading to enhanced assembly of the 26S proteasome, followed by higher proteasome activity (PubMed:22922647). Also regulates proteasome activity in the intestine by preventing expression of deubiquitinase ubh-4 (PubMed:23770237). Represses transcription of natc-1 (PubMed:25330323). Involved in regulation of srh-234 expression (PubMed:25357003). Binds to the promoter of the AMPK-gamma regulatory subunit, aakg-4, and activates its transcription (PubMed:24516399). Also activates transcription of AMPK-gamma regulatory subunit, aakg-1 (PubMed:24516399). Maintains endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function by inducing protein degradation and elimination to remove misfolded secretory proteins from the ER independently of the ire-1/xbp-1 unfolded protein response pathway (PubMed:25448701). Regulates epidermal innate immunity to nematophagous fungal infection and physical wounding which trigger bli-3 induced ROS release, leading to daf-16 activation independently of daf-2 signaling (PubMed:24146615). May negatively regulate resistance to stress caused by oxidized cholesterol adducts by preventing the activation of daf-9 and nuclear hormone receptor daf-12, two members of the steroid signaling pathway (PubMed:24957743). Promotes apoptosis during embryonic development (PubMed:25383666). Probably through the regulation of the autophagy genes atg-18 and atg-16.2, plays a role in regulating stem cell number in the germline during larval development.
Sequence
MQLEQKSSLHCSKCRNFLQKFSQDMQAWNCRELDSPLPSDITLHNLEPARPDSGMSFSTDFDDDFFNLDLHQQERSASFGGVTQYSQQFLREKCSFSPYFHTSLETVDSGRTSLYGSNEQCGQLGGASSNGSTAMLHTPDGSNSHQTSFPSDFRMSESPDDTVSGKKTTTRRNAWGNMSYAELITTAIMASPEKRLTLAQVYEWMVQNVPYFRDKGDSNSSAGWKNSIRHNLSLHSRFMRIQNEGAGKSSWWVINPDAKPGRNPRRTRERSNTIETTTKAQLEKSRRGAKKRIKERALMGSLHSTLNGNSIAGSIQTISHDLYDDDSMQGAFDNVPSSFRPRTQSNLSIPGSSSRVSPAIGSDIYDDLEFPSWVGESVPAIPSDIVDRTDQMRIDATTHIGGVQIKQESKPIKTEPIAPPPSYHELNSVRGSCAQNPLLRNPIVPSTNFKPMPLPGAYGNYQNGGITPINWLSTSNSSPLPGIQSCGIVAAQHTVASSSALPIDLENLTLPDQPLMDTMDVDALIRHELSQAGGQHIHFDL