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TRI4

Gene
TRI4
Protein
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase TRI4
Organism
Fusarium sporotrichioides
Length
520 amino acids
Function
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase; part of the core gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of trichothecenes, a very large family of chemically related bicyclic sesquiterpene compounds acting as mycotoxins, including T2-toxin (PubMed:11352533, PubMed:16917519). The biosynthesis of trichothecenes begins with the cyclization of farnesyl diphosphate to trichodiene and is catalyzed by the trichodiene synthase TRI5 (PubMed:3800398). Trichodiene undergoes a series of oxygenations catalyzed by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase TRI4 (PubMed:7651333). TRI4 controls the addition of four oxygens at C-2, C-3, C-11, and the C-12, C-13-epoxide to form the intermediate isotrichotriol (PubMed:16917519). Isotrichotriol then undergoes a non-enzymatic isomerization and cyclization to form isotrichodermol (PubMed:2317042). During this process, the oxygen at the C-2 position becomes the pyran ring oxygen and the hydroxyl group at C-11 is lost (PubMed:2317042). More complex type A trichothecenes are built by modifying isotrichodermol through a series of paired hydroxylation and acetylation or acylation steps (PubMed:11352533). Isotrichodermol is converted to isotrichodermin by the acetyltransferase TRI101 (PubMed:10583973). TRI101 encodes a C-3 transacetylase that acts as a self-protection or resistance factor during biosynthesis and that the presence of a free C-3 hydroxyl group is a key component of Fusarium trichothecene phytotoxicity (PubMed:10583973). A second hydroxyl group is added to C-15 by the trichothecene C-15 hydroxylase TRI11, producing 15-decalonectrin, which is then acetylated by TRI3, producing calonectrin (PubMed:9435078, PubMed:8593041). A third hydroxyl group is added at C-4 by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase TRI13, converting calonectrin to 3,15-diacetoxyspirpenol, which is subsequently acetylated by the acetyltransferase TRI7 (PubMed:12135578, PubMed:11352533). A fourth hydroxyl group is added to C-8 by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase TRI1, followed by the addition of an isovaleryl moiety by TRI16 (PubMed:12620849, PubMed:14532047). Finally, the acetyl group is removed from the C-3 position by the trichothecene C-3 esterase TRI8 to produce T-2 toxin (PubMed:12039755).
Similarity
Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
Mass
59.118 kDa
Sequence
MVDQDWIKALVNIPISHAVGVVAASTVIYFLSSCFYNLYLHPLRKIPGPKLAAIGPYLEFYHEVIRDGQYLWEIAKMHDKYGPIVRVNDKEVHIRDPSYYSTIYTAGARKTNKDPATVGAFDVPTATAATVDHDHHRARRGYLNPYFSKRSITNLEPFIHERVTKLLSRFQEHLDNDQVLSLDGAFCALTADVITSRFYGKHYNYLDLPDFHFVVRDGFLGLTKVYHLARFIPVLVTVLKRLPYSCLRLIAPSVSDLLQMRNEIHERGGDEFLSSKTSEAKSSILFGALADTHIPPVERTVERMLDEGTVILFAGTETTSRTLAITFFYLLTHPECLRKLREELNSLPKVEGDRFPLATLENLPYLNGVVHEGFRLAFGPISRSGRVATQENLKYKEHVIPAGTPVSQSTYFMHTDPKIFPEPEKFKPERWIEAAEKKIPLKKYITNFSQGSRQCIGYTMAFAEMYLAMSRIARAYDVELYDTTKADIDMTHARIVAYPKAIPGKTEHVGEIRVKVLKAL

Gene
TRI4
Protein
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase TRI4
Organism
Trichoderma arundinaceum
Length
517 amino acids
Function
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the production of the antimicrobial trichothecene harzianum A (HA) that plays a role in Botrytis cinerea antagonistic activity and plant defense priming (PubMed:21642405, PubMed:29623313). The biosynthesis of harzianum A begins with the cyclization of farnesyl diphosphate to trichodiene and is catalyzed by the trichodiene synthase TRI5 (PubMed:21642405). Trichodiene undergoes a series of oxygenations catalyzed by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase TRI4. TRI4 controls the addition of 3 oxygens at C-2, C-11, and the C-12, C-13-epoxide to form the intermediate isotrichodiol (PubMed:21642405). Isotrichodiol then undergoes a non-enzymatic isomerization and cyclization to form 12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-ene (EPT) which is further converted to trichodermol by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase TRI11 via C-4 hydroxylation (PubMed:21642405). The last step of HA synthesis is esterification of an octatriendioyl moiety to the C-4 oxygen of trichodermol. The octatriendioyl moiety is probably produced by the polyketide synthase TRI17 and the esterification performed by the trichothecene O-acetyltransferase TRI3 (Probable).
Similarity
Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
Mass
58.029 kDa
Sequence
MLDINALKEIPPATAVGAAVAVGALYFFCQCFYNLYLHPLRKIPGPKLAAIGPYLEFYHEVLRDGQYLWEIEKMHQKYGPIVRVNAREVHVKDTSYYNTIYTAGARKTNKDPATVGAFDVPTATAATVDHDLHRARRGYLNPYFSKRAVAGLEPTIHERITKLLSRFDQHRKDDQVLSLDGAFSALTADVITARFYGEHKDYLDVPDFHFVVRDGFQGLSRVYHLGRFLPSVVGALKGLPKFLIRIIFPPIAELLTMREEIEAGGIDEFTKSKSSGIKSSVLVGALSDPHIPPQERTVARMLDEGTVFLFAGTETTSRTLGITMFYLLSNPDILNKLREELKSLPPSDDNMHSLGQLENLPYLTGVVHEGLRLSFGPISRSSRVATHEALQYKEHTIPAGTPVSQSTYFVHTDTEIFPDPWEFKPERWIKAAEDGVALKKYITNFSQGSRQCIGYSMSFAEMFLTLSRIIPAFDLELYDTTKADIDMTHARIVGYPKKVPGKTESLGELRVKVIKKL