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TREX1

Gene
TREX1
Protein
Three-prime repair exonuclease 1
Organism
Bos taurus
Length
315 amino acids
Function
Major cellular 3'-to-5' DNA exonuclease which digests single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) with mismatched 3' termini. Prevents cell-intrinsic initiation of autoimmunity. Acts by metabolizing DNA fragments from endogenous retroelements, including L1, LTR and SINE elements. Unless degraded, these DNA fragments accumulate in the cytosol and activate the IFN-stimulatory DNA (ISD) response and innate immune signaling. Prevents chronic ATM-dependent checkpoint activation, by processing ssDNA polynucleotide species arising from the processing of aberrant DNA replication intermediates. Inefficiently degrades oxidized DNA, such as that generated upon antimicrobial reactive oxygen production or upon absorption of UV light. During GZMA-mediated cell death, contributes to DNA damage in concert with NME1. NME1 nicks one strand of DNA and TREX1 removes bases from the free 3' end to enhance DNA damage and prevent DNA end reannealing and rapid repair (By similarity).
Similarity
Belongs to the exonuclease superfamily. TREX family.
Mass
33.132 kDa
Sequence
MGSRALPPGPVQTLIFLDLEATGLPFSQPKITELCLLAVHRYALEGLSAPQGPSPTAPVPPRVLDKLSLCVAPGKVCSPAASEITGLSTAVLAAHGRRAFDADLVNLIRTFLQRQPQPWCLVAHNGDRYDFPLLRAELALLGLASALDDAFCVDSIAALKALEPTGSSSEHGPRKSYSLGSVYTRLYGQAPPDSHTAEGDVLALLSVCQWRPRALLRWVDAHAKPFSTVKPMYVITTSTGTNPRPSAVTATVPLARASDTGPNLRGDRSPKPAPSPKMCPGAPPGEGLLAPLGLLAFLTLAVAMLYGLSLAMPGQ

Gene
TREX1
Protein
Three-prime repair exonuclease 1
Organism
Homo sapiens
Length
314 amino acids
Function
Major cellular 3'-to-5' DNA exonuclease which digests single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) with mismatched 3' termini. Prevents cell-intrinsic initiation of autoimmunity. Acts by metabolizing DNA fragments from endogenous retroelements, including L1, LTR and SINE elements. Unless degraded, these DNA fragments accumulate in the cytosol and activate the IFN-stimulatory DNA (ISD) response and innate immune signaling. Prevents chronic ATM-dependent checkpoint activation, by processing ssDNA polynucleotide species arising from the processing of aberrant DNA replication intermediates. Inefficiently degrades oxidized DNA, such as that generated upon antimicrobial reactive oxygen production or upon absorption of UV light. During GZMA-mediated cell death, contributes to DNA damage in concert with NME1. NME1 nicks one strand of DNA and TREX1 removes bases from the free 3' end to enhance DNA damage and prevent DNA end reannealing and rapid repair.
Similarity
Belongs to the exonuclease superfamily. TREX family.
Mass
33.212 kDa
Sequence
MGSQALPPGPMQTLIFFDMEATGLPFSQPKVTELCLLAVHRCALESPPTSQGPPPTVPPPPRVVDKLSLCVAPGKACSPAASEITGLSTAVLAAHGRQCFDDNLANLLLAFLRRQPQPWCLVAHNGDRYDFPLLQAELAMLGLTSALDGAFCVDSITALKALERASSPSEHGPRKSYSLGSIYTRLYGQSPPDSHTAEGDVLALLSICQWRPQALLRWVDAHARPFGTIRPMYGVTASARTKPRPSAVTTTAHLATTRNTSPSLGESRGTKDLPPVKDPGALSREGLLAPLGLLAILTLAVATLYGLSLATPGE

Gene
Trex1
Protein
Three-prime repair exonuclease 1
Organism
Mus musculus
Length
314 amino acids
Function
Major cellular 3'-to-5' DNA exonuclease which digests single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) with mismatched 3' termini. Prevents cell-intrinsic initiation of autoimmunity. Acts by metabolizing DNA fragments from endogenous retroelements, including L1, LTR and SINE elements. Unless degraded, these DNA fragments accumulate in the cytosol and activate the IFN-stimulatory DNA (ISD) response and innate immune signaling. Prevents chronic ATM-dependent checkpoint activation, by processing ssDNA polynucleotide species arising from the processing of aberrant DNA replication intermediates. Inefficiently degrades oxidized DNA, such as that generated upon antimicrobial reactive oxygen production or upon absorption of UV light. During GZMA-mediated cell death, contributes to DNA damage in concert with NME1. NME1 nicks one strand of DNA and TREX1 removes bases from the free 3' end to enhance DNA damage and prevent DNA end reannealing and rapid repair.
Similarity
Belongs to the exonuclease superfamily. TREX family.
Mass
33.675 kDa
Sequence
MGSQTLPHGHMQTLIFLDLEATGLPSSRPEVTELCLLAVHRRALENTSISQGHPPPVPRPPRVVDKLSLCIAPGKACSPGASEITGLSKAELEVQGRQRFDDNLAILLRAFLQRQPQPCCLVAHNGDRYDFPLLQTELARLSTPSPLDGTFCVDSIAALKALEQASSPSGNGSRKSYSLGSIYTRLYWQAPTDSHTAEGDVLTLLSICQWKPQALLQWVDEHARPFSTVKPMYGTPATTGTTNLRPHAATATTPLATANGSPSNGRSRRPKSPPPEKVPEAPSQEGLLAPLSLLTLLTLAIATLYGLFLASPGQ