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POLH

Gene
POLH
Protein
DNA polymerase eta
Organism
Homo sapiens
Length
713 amino acids
Function
DNA polymerase specifically involved in the DNA repair by translesion synthesis (TLS) (PubMed:10385124, PubMed:11743006, PubMed:24449906). Due to low processivity on both damaged and normal DNA, cooperates with the heterotetrameric (REV3L, REV7, POLD2 and POLD3) POLZ complex for complete bypass of DNA lesions. Inserts one or 2 nucleotide(s) opposite the lesion, the primer is further extended by the tetrameric POLZ complex. In the case of 1,2-intrastrand d(GpG)-cisplatin cross-link, inserts dCTP opposite the 3' guanine (PubMed:24449906). Particularly important for the repair of UV-induced pyrimidine dimers (PubMed:10385124, PubMed:11743006). Although inserts the correct base, may cause base transitions and transversions depending upon the context. May play a role in hypermutation at immunoglobulin genes (PubMed:11376341, PubMed:14734526). Forms a Schiff base with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate at abasic sites, but does not have any lyase activity, preventing the release of the 5'-deoxyribose phosphate (5'-dRP) residue. This covalent trapping of the enzyme by the 5'-dRP residue inhibits its DNA synthetic activity during base excision repair, thereby avoiding high incidence of mutagenesis (PubMed:14630940). Targets POLI to replication foci (PubMed:12606586).
Similarity
Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-Y family.
Mass
78.413 kDa
Sequence
MATGQDRVVALVDMDCFFVQVEQRQNPHLRNKPCAVVQYKSWKGGGIIAVSYEARAFGVTRSMWADDAKKLCPDLLLAQVRESRGKANLTKYREASVEVMEIMSRFAVIERASIDEAYVDLTSAVQERLQKLQGQPISADLLPSTYIEGLPQGPTTAEETVQKEGMRKQGLFQWLDSLQIDNLTSPDLQLTVGAVIVEEMRAAIERETGFQCSAGISHNKVLAKLACGLNKPNRQTLVSHGSVPQLFSQMPIRKIRSLGGKLGASVIEILGIEYMGELTQFTESQLQSHFGEKNGSWLYAMCRGIEHDPVKPRQLPKTIGCSKNFPGKTALATREQVQWWLLQLAQELEERLTKDRNDNDRVATQLVVSIRVQGDKRLSSLRRCCALTRYDAHKMSHDAFTVIKNCNTSGIQTEWSPPLTMLFLCATKFSASAPSSSTDITSFLSSDPSSLPKVPVTSSEAKTQGSGPAVTATKKATTSLESFFQKAAERQKVKEASLSSLTAPTQAPMSNSPSKPSLPFQTSQSTGTEPFFKQKSLLLKQKQLNNSSVSSPQQNPWSNCKALPNSLPTEYPGCVPVCEGVSKLEESSKATPAEMDLAHNSQSMHASSASKSVLEVTQKATPNPSLLAAEDQVPCEKCGSLVPVWDMPEHMDYHFALELQKSFLQPHSSNPQVVSAVSHQGKRNPKSPLACTNKRPRPEGMQTLESFFKPLTH

Gene
Polh
Protein
DNA polymerase eta
Organism
Mus musculus
Length
694 amino acids
Function
DNA polymerase specifically involved in the DNA repair by translesion synthesis (TLS) (PubMed:10871396). Due to low processivity on both damaged and normal DNA, cooperates with the heterotetrameric (REV3L, REV7, POLD2 and POLD3) POLZ complex for complete bypass of DNA lesions. Inserts one or 2 nucleotide(s) opposite the lesion, the primer is further extended by the tetrameric POLZ complex. In the case of 1,2-intrastrand d(GpG)-cisplatin cross-link, inserts dCTP opposite the 3' guanine (By similarity). Particularly important for the repair of UV-induced pyrimidine dimers (PubMed:10871396). Although inserts the correct base, may cause base transitions and transversions depending upon the context. May play a role in hypermutation at immunoglobulin genes. Forms a Schiff base with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate at abasic sites, but does not have any lyase activity, preventing the release of the 5'-deoxyribose phosphate (5'-dRP) residue. This covalent trapping of the enzyme by the 5'-dRP residue inhibits its DNA synthetic activity during base excision repair, thereby avoiding high incidence of mutagenesis. Targets POLI to replication foci (By similarity).
Similarity
Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-Y family.
Mass
76.167 kDa
Sequence
MAPGQNRVVALVDMDCFFVQVEQRQNPHLRNKPCAVVQYKSWKGGGIIAVSYEARAFGVTRNMWADDAKKLCPDLLLAQVRESRGKANLTKYREASVEVMEIMSYFAVIERASIDEAYIDLTSAVQERLQKLQGQPISADLLPSTYIEGLPRGPTVEETVQKEAIRKQGLLQWLDSLQSDDPTSPDLRLTVGAMIVEEMRAAIESKTGFQCSAGISHNKVLAKLACGLNKPNRQTLVSHGSVPQLFSQMPIRKIRSLGGKLGASVIEVLGIEYMGDLTQFTESQLQSHFGEKNGSWLYAMCRGIEHDPVKPRQLPKTIGCSKNFPGKTALATREQVQWWLLQLALELEERLTKDRNDNDRVATQLVVSIRFQGDRRLSSLRRCCALPRYDAHKMSQDAFAAIRNCNTSGIQTEWSPPLTMLFLCATKFSAAAPPACTDITAFLSSDSSCQPKVPIASSETRTQGSGPAVPTSKEAATSLASFFQKAAKKQRMKETSFVPLNTATEKLSSKPSLVFQSSQTTGSQSFFKQKSLLLQHTQLSNSAAPDPPQASPAAQPSCLPAECVDSGPDDGAVKPVSSKAVSTEMNVAGDSPNVLDSPAYNSQEVTQRATEDQVLCEKCDSLVPVWDMPEHTDYHFALELQKSFLQPCTSKPQAIPAVSPQGKRNPKSPSASSSKRLRPHGMQTLESFFKPLTH

Gene
POLH
Protein
DNA polymerase eta
Organism
Arabidopsis thaliana
Length
672 amino acids
Function
Error-free DNA polymerase specifically involved in DNA repair. Plays an important role in translesion synthesis (TLS), where the normal high fidelity DNA polymerases cannot proceed and DNA synthesis stalls. Plays an important role in the repair of UV-induced pyrimidine dimers and confers resistance to ultraviolet light. Depending on the context, it inserts the correct base, but may cause base transitions and transversions. Forms a Schiff base with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate at abasic sites, but does not have lyase activity. Targets POLI to replication foci. Exhibits cyclobutane dimer nonmutagenic bypass activity in vitro.
Similarity
Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-Y family.
Mass
73.985 kDa
Sequence
MPVARPEASDARVIAHVDMDCFYVQVEQRKQPELRGLPSAVVQYNEWQGGGLIAVSYEARKCGVKRSMRGDEAKAACPQIQLVQVPVARGKADLNLYRSAGSEVVSILAKSGKCERASIDEVYLDLTDAAESMLADAPPESLELIDEEVLKSHILGMNREDGDDFKESVRNWICREDADRRDKLLSCGIIIVAELRKQVLKETEFTCSAGIAHNKMLAKLASGMNKPAQQTVVPYAAVQELLSSLPIKKMKQLGGKLGTSLQTDLGVDTVGDLLQFSETKLQEHYGVNTGTWLWNIARGISGEEVQGRLLPKSHGSGKTFPGPRALKSLSTVQHWLNQLSEELSERLGSDLEQNKRIASTLTLHASAFRSKDSDSHKKFPSKSCPMRYGVTKIQEDAFNLFQAALREYMGSFGIKPQGNKLETWRITGLSVSASKIVDIPSGTSSIMRYFQSQPTVPSRSADGCVQGNVAMTASASEGCSEQRSTETQAAMPEVDTGVTYTLPNFENQDKDIDLVSEKDVVSCPSNEATDVSTQSESNKGTQTKKIGRKMNNSKEKNRGMPSIVDIFKNYNATPPSKQETQEDSTVSSASKRAKLSSSSHNSQVNQEVEESRETDWGYKTDEIDQSVFDELPVEIQRELRSFLRTNKQFNTGKSKGDGSTSSIAHYFPPLNR