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GDF6

Gene
GDF6
Protein
Growth/differentiation factor 6
Organism
Bos taurus
Length
470 amino acids
Function
Growth factor that controls proliferation and cellular differentiation in the retina and bone formation. Plays a key role in regulating apoptosis during retinal development. Establishes dorsal-ventral positional information in the retina and controls the formation of the retinotectal map. Required for normal formation of bones and joints in the limbs, skull, digits and axial skeleton. Plays a key role in establishing boundaries between skeletal elements during development. Regulation of GDF6 expression seems to be a mechanism for evolving species-specific changes in skeletal structures. Seems to positively regulate differentiation of chondrogenic tissue through the growth factor receptors subunits BMPR1A, BMPR1B, BMPR2 and ACVR2A, leading to the activation of SMAD1-SMAD5-SMAD8 complex. The regulation of chondrogenic differentiation is inhibited by NOG. Also involved in the induction of adipogenesis from mesenchymal stem cells. This mechanism acts through the growth factor receptors subunits BMPR1A, BMPR2 and ACVR2A and the activation of SMAD1-SMAD5-SMAD8 complex and MAPK14/p38.
Similarity
Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
Mass
52.112 kDa
Sequence
MDTSRVLLSAVFLISFLWDLPGFQQASISSSSSSAELGSAKGMRSRKEGRMPRAPRENATAREPLDRQEPPPRPQEEPQRRPPQQPEAREPPGRGPRVVPHEYMLSIYRTYSIAEKLGINASFFQSSKSANTITSFVDRGLDDLSHTPLRRQKYLFDVSTLSDKEELVGAELRLFRQAPAAPWGPPAGPLRLQLFACQSPLLLEARSLDPQGAPRPGWEVFDVWRGLRPQPWKQLCLELRAAWGGEPGAAEDEARAPGPQQPPPPDLRSLGFGRRVRTPQERALLVVFSRSQRKTLFAEMREQLGSATEVVGPGGGAEGSGPPPPPPPPPPSGTPDAGLWSPSPGRRRRRTAFASRHGKRHGKKSRLRCSKKPLHVNFKELGWDDWIIAPLEYEAYHCEGVCDFPLRSHLEPTNHAIIQTLMNSMDPGSTPPSCCVPTKLTPISILYIDAGNNVVYKQYEEMVVESCGCR

Gene
GDF6
Protein
Growth/differentiation factor 6
Organism
Homo sapiens
Length
455 amino acids
Function
Growth factor that controls proliferation and cellular differentiation in the retina and bone formation. Plays a key role in regulating apoptosis during retinal development. Establishes dorsal-ventral positional information in the retina and controls the formation of the retinotectal map (PubMed:23307924). Required for normal formation of bones and joints in the limbs, skull, digits and axial skeleton. Plays a key role in establishing boundaries between skeletal elements during development. Regulation of GDF6 expression seems to be a mechanism for evolving species-specific changes in skeletal structures. Seems to positively regulate differentiation of chondrogenic tissue through the growth factor receptors subunits BMPR1A, BMPR1B, BMPR2 and ACVR2A, leading to the activation of SMAD1-SMAD5-SMAD8 complex. The regulation of chondrogenic differentiation is inhibited by NOG (PubMed:26643732). Also involved in the induction of adipogenesis from mesenchymal stem cells. This mechanism acts through the growth factor receptors subunits BMPR1A, BMPR2 and ACVR2A and the activation of SMAD1-SMAD5-SMAD8 complex and MAPK14/p38 (By similarity).
Similarity
Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
Mass
50.662 kDa
Sequence
MDTPRVLLSAVFLISFLWDLPGFQQASISSSSSSAELGSTKGMRSRKEGKMQRAPRDSDAGREGQEPQPRPQDEPRAQQPRAQEPPGRGPRVVPHEYMLSIYRTYSIAEKLGINASFFQSSKSANTITSFVDRGLDDLSHTPLRRQKYLFDVSMLSDKEELVGAELRLFRQAPSAPWGPPAGPLHVQLFPCLSPLLLDARTLDPQGAPPAGWEVFDVWQGLRHQPWKQLCLELRAAWGELDAGEAEARARGPQQPPPPDLRSLGFGRRVRPPQERALLVVFTRSQRKNLFAEMREQLGSAEAAGPGAGAEGSWPPPSGAPDARPWLPSPGRRRRRTAFASRHGKRHGKKSRLRCSKKPLHVNFKELGWDDWIIAPLEYEAYHCEGVCDFPLRSHLEPTNHAIIQTLMNSMDPGSTPPSCCVPTKLTPISILYIDAGNNVVYKQYEDMVVESCGCR

Gene
Gdf6
Protein
Growth/differentiation factor 6
Organism
Mus musculus
Length
454 amino acids
Function
Growth factor that controls proliferation and cellular differentiation in the retina and bone formation. Plays a key role in regulating apoptosis during retinal development. Establishes dorsal-ventral positional information in the retina and controls the formation of the retinotectal map (PubMed:23307924). Required for normal formation of bones and joints in the limbs, skull, digits and axial skeleton. Plays a key role in establishing boundaries between skeletal elements during development. Regulation of GDF6 expression seems to be a mechanism for evolving species-specific changes in skeletal structures (PubMed:26774823). Seems to positively regulate differentiation of chondrogenic tissue through the growth factor receptors subunits BMPR1A, BMPR1B, BMPR2 and ACVR2A, leading to the activation of SMAD1-SMAD5-SMAD8 complex. The regulation of chondrogenic differentiation is inhibited by NOG (PubMed:12606286, PubMed:16049014). Also involved in the induction of adipogenesis from mesenchymal stem cells. This mechanism acts through the growth factor receptors subunits BMPR1A, BMPR2 and ACVR2A and the activation of SMAD1-SMAD5-SMAD8 complex and MAPK14/p38 (PubMed:23527555).
Similarity
Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
Mass
50.942 kDa
Sequence
MDTPRVLLWAIFLISFLWDLPGFQQASISSSSSSSTELDSTKDVGNRKEGKMQRTPQESAEGRTPPEHGLRQKDLRRRPPGQHQGQEPPGRGLRVVPHEYMLSIYKTYSIAEKLGINASFFQSSKSANTITSFVDRGLDDLSHTPLRRQKYLFDVSTLSDKEELVGAELRLYRQAPPTPWGLPARPLHLQLFPCLSPLLLDARTLDPQGPTQAGWEVFDVWQGLRPQPWKQLCLELRAAWGELDAGDTGARARGPQQPPPLDLRSLGFGRRVRPPQERALLVVFTRSQRKNLFTEMHEQLGSAEAAGAEGSWPAPSGSPDAGSWLPSPGRRRRRTAFASRHGKRHGKKSRLRCSRKPLHVNFKELGWDDWIIAPLEYEAYHCEGVCDFPLRSHLEPTNHAIIQTLMNSMDPGSTPPSCCVPTKLTPISILYIDAGNNVVYKQYEDMVVESCGCR

Gene
Gdf6
Protein
Growth/differentiation factor 6
Organism
Rattus norvegicus
Length
452 amino acids
Function
Growth factor that controls proliferation and cellular differentiation in the retina and bone formation. Plays a key role in regulating apoptosis during retinal development. Establishes dorsal-ventral positional information in the retina and controls the formation of the retinotectal map. Required for normal formation of bones and joints in the limbs, skull, digits and axial skeleton. Plays a key role in establishing boundaries between skeletal elements during development. Regulation of GDF6 expression seems to be a mechanism for evolving species-specific changes in skeletal structures. Seems to positively regulate differentiation of chondrogenic tissue through the growth factor receptors subunits BMPR1A, BMPR1B, BMPR2 and ACVR2A, leading to the activation of SMAD1-SMAD5-SMAD8 complex. The regulation of chondrogenic differentiation is inhibited by NOG. Also involved in the induction of adipogenesis from mesenchymal stem cells. This mechanism acts through the growth factor receptors subunits BMPR1A, BMPR2 and ACVR2A and the activation of SMAD1-SMAD5-SMAD8 complex and MAPK14/p38.
Similarity
Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
Mass
51.013 kDa
Sequence
MDTPRVLLWAIFLISFLWDLPGFQQASISSSSSTELDSTKDVENRKGGKMQRTPQESAEGRTPKEHRPRPNELRRRLPGQSLGQEPPGRGPRVVPHEYMLSIYRTYSIAEKLGINASFFQSSKSANTITSFVDRGLDDLSHTPLRRQKYLFDVSTLSDKEELVGAELRLYRQAPPTPWGPQTRPLHLQLFPCLSPLLLDSRTLDPQGPTEAGWEVFDVWQVLRPQPWKQLCLELRAVWGELDARDSGARPRGPQQSPPLDLRSLGFGRRVRPPQERALLVVFTRSQRKNLFTEMHEQLGSAEAAGAEGSWPAPSGAPDAGSWLPSPGRRRRRTALSSRHGKRHGKKSRLRCSRKPLHVNFKELGWDDWIIAPLEYEAYHCEGVCDFPLRSHLEPTNHAIIQTLMNSMDPGSTPPSCCVPTKLTPISILYIDAGNNVVYKQYEDMVVESCGCR