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TIGAR

Gene
tigar
Protein
Fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase TIGAR
Organism
Xenopus laevis
Length
275 amino acids
Function
Fructose-bisphosphatase hydrolyzing fructose-2,6-bisphosphate as well as fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. Acts as a negative regulator of glycolysis by lowering intracellular levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in a p53/TP53-dependent manner, resulting in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) activation and NADPH production. Contributes to the generation of reduced glutathione to cause a decrease in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, correlating with its ability to protect cells from oxidative or metabolic stress-induced cell death. May play a role in mitophagy inhibition.
Similarity
Belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family.
Mass
30.658 kDa
Sequence
MARFALTIVRHGETRYNKEKLLQGQGIDEPLSEMGFKQADAAGRFLSNVRFTHVFSSDLIRAKQTACAIMRNNQLSEDIKIMYDPRLRERKYGDAEGRPLSELKVMAKKAGGQCPSYTPPGGETLEQVRACAKDFFEYLCQLVMAESSVKEKSELGASGMVGIMSTDLAPFVNHNKEPTIFGESRDVTLDASVLLVSHGAYMRNWIKYFVEDLQFTFPPELKKSRELSVSPNTGISHFIVTVGSGATRKPEIQCVCINLHGHLSDIDADTSHYQV

Gene
tigar
Protein
Fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase TIGAR
Organism
Xenopus tropicalis
Length
275 amino acids
Function
Fructose-bisphosphatase hydrolyzing fructose-2,6-bisphosphate as well as fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. Acts as a negative regulator of glycolysis by lowering intracellular levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in a p53/TP53-dependent manner, resulting in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) activation and NADPH production. Contributes to the generation of reduced glutathione to cause a decrease in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, correlating with its ability to protect cells from oxidative or metabolic stress-induced cell death. May play a role in mitophagy inhibition.
Similarity
Belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family.
Mass
30.738 kDa
Sequence
MARFALTIVRHGETRYNKEKLLQGQGIDEPLSEIGFKQADAVGRFLSNVRFTHVFSSDLIRAKQTACAIMENNKISEDIKIIYDRRLRERKYGDAEGRPLSELKVMAKKAGDQCPSYTPPGGETLEQVRARAKDFFEYLCRLVLEESSAKEQSELGASGMGGVTSADLGPFVNHNKEPAELGESRDVTVHASVLLVSHGAYMRNWIKYLVEDLQFTFPPELKKSRELPVSPNTGISHFIVTVSSATPRKPEIQCVCINLHSHLSDINADTSHYQV

Gene
TIGAR
Protein
Fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase TIGAR
Organism
Bos taurus
Length
270 amino acids
Function
Fructose-bisphosphatase hydrolyzing fructose-2,6-bisphosphate as well as fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of glycolysis by lowering intracellular levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in a p53/TP53-dependent manner, resulting in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) activation and NADPH production. Contributes to the generation of reduced glutathione to cause a decrease in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, correlating with its ability to protect cells from oxidative or metabolic stress-induced cell death. Plays a role in promoting protection against cell death during hypoxia by decreasing mitochondria ROS levels in a HK2-dependent manner through a mechanism that is independent of its fructose-bisphosphatase activity. In response to cardiac damage stress, mediates p53-induced inhibition of myocyte mitophagy through ROS levels reduction and the subsequent inactivation of BNIP3. Reduced mitophagy results in an enhanced apoptotic myocyte cell death, and exacerbates cardiac damage. Plays a role in adult intestinal regeneration; contributes to the growth, proliferation and survival of intestinal crypts following tissue ablation. Plays a neuroprotective role against ischemic brain damage by enhancing PPP flux and preserving mitochondria functions. Protects glioma cells from hypoxia- and ROS-induced cell death by inhibiting glycolysis and activating mitochondrial energy metabolism and oxygen consumption in a TKTL1-dependent and p53/TP53-independent manner. Plays a role in cancer cell survival by promoting DNA repair through activating PPP flux in a CDK5-ATM-dependent signaling pathway during hypoxia and/or genome stress-induced DNA damage responses. Involved in intestinal tumor progression.
Similarity
Belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family.
Mass
29.467 kDa
Sequence
MTRFALTVVRHGETRLNKEKIIQGQGIDEPLSETGFKQAAAAGIFLKDVKFTHVFSSDLTRTKQTVHGILEKSKFCKDMTVKYDSRLRERKYGVAEGRPLSELRAMAKAAGEECPAFTPPGGETLDQLKRRGKDFFEFLCQLILKEAGQNEQFSQEAPSSCLESSLAEIFPLGKNCASTFNSDSGTPGLAASVLVVSHGAYIRSLLDYFLTDLKCSFPATLSRSELTSVSPNTGMTVFILNFEKGGKGRPTAQCVCVNLQGHLAGVNKTP

Gene
TIGAR
Protein
Fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase TIGAR
Organism
Homo sapiens
Length
270 amino acids
Function
Fructose-bisphosphatase hydrolyzing fructose-2,6-bisphosphate as well as fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (PubMed:19015259). Acts as a negative regulator of glycolysis by lowering intracellular levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in a p53/TP53-dependent manner, resulting in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) activation and NADPH production (PubMed:16839880, PubMed:22887998). Contributes to the generation of reduced glutathione to cause a decrease in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, correlating with its ability to protect cells from oxidative or metabolic stress-induced cell death (PubMed:16839880, PubMed:19713938, PubMed:23726973, PubMed:22887998, PubMed:23817040). Plays a role in promoting protection against cell death during hypoxia by decreasing mitochondria ROS levels in a HK2-dependent manner through a mechanism that is independent of its fructose-bisphosphatase activity (PubMed:23185017). In response to cardiac damage stress, mediates p53-induced inhibition of myocyte mitophagy through ROS levels reduction and the subsequent inactivation of BNIP3. Reduced mitophagy results in an enhanced apoptotic myocyte cell death, and exacerbates cardiac damage (By similarity). Plays a role in adult intestinal regeneration; contributes to the growth, proliferation and survival of intestinal crypts following tissue ablation (PubMed:23726973). Plays a neuroprotective role against ischemic brain damage by enhancing PPP flux and preserving mitochondria functions (By similarity). Protects glioma cells from hypoxia- and ROS-induced cell death by inhibiting glycolysis and activating mitochondrial energy metabolism and oxygen consumption in a TKTL1-dependent and p53/TP53-independent manner (PubMed:22887998). Plays a role in cancer cell survival by promoting DNA repair through activating PPP flux in a CDK5-ATM-dependent signaling pathway during hypoxia and/or genome stress-induced DNA damage responses (PubMed:25928429). Involved in intestinal tumor progression (PubMed:23726973).
Similarity
Belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family.
Mass
30.063 kDa
Sequence
MARFALTVVRHGETRFNKEKIIQGQGVDEPLSETGFKQAAAAGIFLNNVKFTHAFSSDLMRTKQTMHGILERSKFCKDMTVKYDSRLRERKYGVVEGKALSELRAMAKAAREECPVFTPPGGETLDQVKMRGIDFFEFLCQLILKEADQKEQFSQGSPSNCLETSLAEIFPLGKNHSSKVNSDSGIPGLAASVLVVSHGAYMRSLFDYFLTDLKCSLPATLSRSELMSVTPNTGMSLFIINFEEGREVKPTVQCICMNLQDHLNGLTETR

Gene
Tigar
Protein
Fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase TIGAR
Organism
Mus musculus
Length
269 amino acids
Function
Fructose-bisphosphatase hydrolyzing fructose-2,6-bisphosphate as well as fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of glycolysis by lowering intracellular levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in a p53/TP53-dependent manner, resulting in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) activation and NADPH production (PubMed:23726973). Contributes to the generation of reduced glutathione to cause a decrease in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, correlating with its ability to protect cells from oxidative or metabolic stress-induced cell death (PubMed:23726973). Plays a role in promoting protection against cell death during hypoxia by decreasing mitochondria ROS levels in a HK2-dependent manner through a mechanism that is independent of its fructose-bisphosphatase activity (By similarity). In response to cardiac damage stress, mediates p53-induced inhibition of myocyte mitophagy through ROS levels reduction and the subsequent inactivation of BNIP3 (PubMed:22044588). Reduced mitophagy results in an enhanced apoptotic myocyte cell death, and exacerbates cardiac damage (PubMed:22044588). Plays a role in adult intestinal regeneration; contributes to the growth, proliferation and survival of intestinal crypts following tissue ablation (PubMed:23726973). Plays a neuroprotective role against ischemic brain damage by enhancing PPP flux and preserving mitochondria functions (PubMed:24872551). Protects glioma cells from hypoxia- and ROS-induced cell death by inhibiting glycolysis and activating mitochondrial energy metabolism and oxygen consumption in a TKTL1-dependent and p53/TP53-independent manner. Plays a role in cancer cell survival by promoting DNA repair through activating PPP flux in a CDK5-ATM-dependent signaling pathway during hypoxia and/or genome stress-induced DNA damage responses (By similarity). Involved in intestinal tumor progression (PubMed:23726973).
Similarity
Belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family.
Mass
29.191 kDa
Sequence
MPRFALTVIRHGETRLNKEKIIQGQGVDAPLSETGFRQAAAAGQFLSNVQFTHAFSSDLTRTKQTIHGILEKSRFCKDMAVKYDSRLRERMYGVAEGKPLSELRAMAKAAGEECPMFTPPGGETVEQVKMRGKDFFDFICQLILGKAGQRESVLPGAPGSGLESSLAEVFPVGKHGSLGANPKGGTLGLAASILVVSHGAYMRSLFGYFLSDLRCSLPGARDKLELSSITPNTGISVFIIDCEEARQPSIQCVCMNLQEHLNGVTEKQH